Fallacy

Fallacy is basically a mistaken belief, especially if it is based on unsound argument. Below is a list of some fallacies with their examples.

1. Anger : If you are not believed or your argument is not accepted, then just get angry.

I SAID THE SHIP IS ENGLISH!

WHAT! HOW DARE YOU!! Now think again -- would you like to go out tonight?

2. Appeal to flattery

You are a nice, good person. Nice people accept my arguments. Therefore you will accept my arguments.

Compliment the other person. Make them feel good about themselves. Show that you approve of them and their actions. Tell them that they look good.

Then ask them to agree with you.

example

Hey, you're looking great today. You know I read your paper and it was amazing. Now doesn't it make sense for us to go out tonight?

3. complex question

X and Y are unrelated questions. They are combined into question Z, which requires a single answer.

Example

Have you stopped smoking? 'yes' or 'no' both admits being a smoker

Will you help me and carry this?

4. Many questions

Description

Ask many different questions. They may be related with a central theme. They may also be unrelated.

Example

When and where will you expect me to be and how often do you want this to happen and what will be the time of day and which weeks?

5. Misleading Vividness

A few vivid and memorable events occur (even just one). These are taken as proof that the event happens more often than it actually does. The pattern is as follows:

X occurs.

X is memorable.

X is repeatedly thought about.

X is assumed to be a common event (or at least more likely than it actually is).

Example

A gruesome night-time murder is covered in the news. People listening become worried and fewer people go out at night, to the extent that restaurants notice a drop in takings

Reference:https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/fallacy